No, the Insta360 X5 is not compatible with the Sony Tough G 128GB CFexpress Type B.
Insta360 X5 has a microSD-only card slot (no CFexpress support of any type). Its own product page confirms only microSD card compatibility -- CFexpress Type B uses a physically different, much larger connector and cannot be inserted into a microSD slot.
What works instead
See all compatible camera for the Insta360 X5 →“UHS-I microSD cards with a V30 or above speed class and exFAT format”
Last verified:
Compatibility inferred from spec rule (citations above are manufacturer-verified)